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Isabella I (1172 – 5 April 1205) was Queen regnant of Jerusalem from 1190/1192 until her death. By her four marriages, she was successively Lady of Toron, Marchioness of Montferrat, Countess of Champagne and Queen of Cyprus. She was the daughter of Amalric I of Jerusalem and his second wife Maria Comnena, making her a younger half-sister of King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem and Queen Sibylla of Jerusalem. She was also the aunt of Baldwin V, and a grandniece of Byzantine emperor Manuel I Comnenus, who had received the town and territory of Nablus as a dower from her husband the king. She married four times. Maria of Montferrat, Queen of Jerusalem, was her daughter by her second husband, Conrad of Montferrat. She had a total of seven children by her various husbands. Isabella I has been conjectured as the possible identity of the 13th-century trobairitz known only as Ysabella. ==Early life and first marriage== At the time of her birth, her father was King of Jerusalem, therefore she was likely born there. Her father died in Jerusalem in 1174 of dysentery. Her half-brother Baudoin then succeeded as King of Jerusalem. Isabella spent her early years in the court of her mother and stepfather Balian of Ibelin, mostly in Nablus. She was described by the poet Ambrose as "exceedingly fair and lovely"; according to the Muslim chronicler Imad ad-Din al-Isfahani, she had black hair and a pale complexion. Isabella's father's previous marriage to Agnes of Courtenay had been annulled, but he had succeeded in having his children from that marriage legitimised. Her half-brother Baldwin IV was recognised unanimously as king, as he was the only male available, but he suffered from leprosy (then incurable). The succession would therefore fall to either his full sister Sibylla, or, if her legitimisation were challenged, to his half-sister Isabella. Isabella's mother and the Ibelins had strong ambitions for her to succeed, although Baldwin IV's diplomacy regarding overseas marriages clearly indicates that he regarded Sibylla as his immediate heir. In 1180, when Isabella was 8 (according to William of Tyre), she was betrothed to Humphrey IV of Toron, on the orders of her half-brother Baldwin IV, in payment of a debt of honour to Humphrey's grandfather Humphrey II who had been mortally wounded saving the king at Banias, and to remove her from the Ibelins' political orbit. They were married in 1183, when Humphrey was about 16 or 17 and Isabella 11. Reflecting the political aims of the marriage, it seems that Humphrey's mother, Stephanie of Milly, and his stepfather, Raynald of Châtillon, restricted Isabella's contact with her mother and stepfather thereafter. On their wedding night the castle of Kerak was attacked by the forces of Saladin. According to the Old French Continuation of William of Tyre (also known as the ''Chronicle of Ernoul''), Humphrey's mother Stephanie sent a message to Saladin telling him of the recent wedding and reminding him of their shared history: However, this may be rather fanciful as there is no record in Arabic sources of Saladin having spent any time as an enslaved prisoner at Kerak. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Isabella I of Jerusalem」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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